CHEMICAL AND PETROCHEMICAL INDUSTRIES
- In the Chemical Sector, 100% FDI is permissible. The textile industry accounts for the largest consumption of dyestuffs at nearly 70%.
- India has emerged as a global supplier of dyestuffs and accounts for 7% of the world production.
- HINDUSTAN ORGANIC CHEMICALS LIMITED: Incorporated in1960 for setting up manufacturing capacities for chemicals. HOCL has two units at Rasayani (Maharashtra) and Kochi (Kerala). It also has a subsidiary company, M/ s Hindustan fluorocarbons Limited located at Rudraram (Andhra Pradesh) for manufacture of poly-tetra-fluorovethylene (PTFE).
- HINDUSTAN INSECTICIDES LIMITED: Incorporated in 1954 and set up its factory in Delhi for manufacturing DDT to meet the demand of National Malaria Eradication Programme (NMEP) presently known as National Vector Borne Disease Control Programme (NVBDCP). The company set up their second factory at Udyogamandal, near Cochin for the manufacture of DDT. The company set up a plant at Rasayani, Maharashtra in 1977 for the manufacture of Malathion, an insecticide used in public health. HIL is today the largest producer of DDT in the world. The only other producer of DDT is China.
- CENTRAL INSTITUTE OF PLASTICS ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY (CIPET): Established in 1968 is an autonomous institute, with its corporate office at Chennai. Its prime objectives include training of manpower in different disciplines of Plastics Engineering and Technology. CIPET has been accredited with ISO 17025 by National Accreditation Board for Testing and Calibration Laboratories (NABL).
- INSTITUTE OF PESTICIDE FORMULATION TECHNOLOGY (IPFT): IPFT located at Gurgaon, Haryana, is a non-profit making organization, registered under the Societies Registration Act in May 1991.
PHARMACEUTICAL SECTOR
- India in pharmaceuticals ranks 3rd in terms of volume of production (10% of global share) and 14th largest by value.
- The Government announced the ‘Pharmaceutical Policy 2002’ in February 2002.
- INDIAN DRUGS AND PHARMACEUTICALS LIMITED (IDPL): Incorporated in 1961 with the primary objective of creating self-sufficiency in essential life saving drugs and medicines. The company has presently three manufacturing plants, one each at Rishikesh (Uttarkhand), Hyderabad (Andhra Pradesh) and Gurgaon (Haryana). IDPL has two wholly owned subsidiaries, namely, IDPL (Tamil Nadu) Ltd, Chennai (Tamil Nadu) and Bihar Drugs and Organic Chemicals Ltd at Muzaffarpur (Bihar).
- BENGAL CHEMICALS AND PHARMACEUTICALS LIMITED (BCPL): BCPL was a sick company in the private sector. It was nationalized in 1960 & incorporated in 1961. The company was formally declared sick by BIFR in 1993. A revival package was approved by the BIFR.
MINERALS
- Ministry of Mines is responsible for survey and exploration of all minerals, other than natural gases, petroleum and atomic minerals, for mining and metallurgy of non-ferrous metals like aluminium, copper, zinc, lead, gold, nickel, etc.
- Under the Constitution, mineral rights and the administration of mining laws are vested in the respective State
- The Central Government, however, regulates the development of mines and minerals under the Mines and Minerals (Development and Regulation) Act, 1957.
- The MMDR Act 1957 came into force in 1958 and a number of amendments have been carried out in 1972, 1986, 1994 and 1999.
- This statute empowers the central government to formulate rules for the grant, renewal of reconnaissance permits, prospecting licences and mining leases for major minerals.
- NATIONAL MINERAL POLICY, 2008: As a sequel to the recommendations of the Hoda Committee which was constituted by the Planning Commission to review the National Mineral Policy, a New National Mineral Policy, 2008 was approved by the Government. The policy advocates:- (i) use of state-of-the-art technology for exploration (ii) zero waste mining (iii) development of capital market structures to attract risk investment into survey and prospecting (iv) transparency in allocation of concessions (v) auction of ore bodies prospected at public expense (vi) independent Mining Administrative Tribunal (vii) a framework of sustainable development to take care of biodiversity issues etc.
